Drinking water

The pH, alkalinity and hardness of the water must be corrected to ensure that the water is drinkable and corrosion in the piping is avoided. At this point, the gas comes into play. Ordinary gases used in water treatment are carbon dioxide, oxygen and ozone. Our tap water has often been treated with one or more of these three gases. In the final stage of the cleaning process, water is treated with gas.

Aqueducts are often made of iron, but sometimes also steel or plastic. In buildings they are made of copper, plastic or steel. Connectors, valves and taps are brass. Since metallic substances inevitably corrode, water is given a composition that, under the influence of solids and water ions of corrosive metal, a tight layer is created that prevents oxygen from reaching the metal surface and the progression of corrosion. A layer of various solids, such as rust, iron carbonate and calcium carbonate, gives iron and steel pipes good protection. It is therefore important that the carbonate content of water, i.e. the carbonate content of the water, i.e. the carbonate content of the water, is not exceeded. alkalinity and calcium content, i.e. calcium content, i.e. hardness of water, regulated.

The hardness of the water describes the amount of minerals in the water, practically usually calcium, but to some extent also magnesium. Hardness is measured in the so-called 'hardness'. German degrees. Hardness is adjusted mainly because high and low hardness can cause problems. High hardness, for example, causes lime deposits and requires large amounts of detergent.

Lime deposits are created in the kettle. Soft water, on the other hand, corrodes the water pipes. Alkalinity is measured by the amount of hydrogen carbonate ions (HCO3–). High concentration refers to high buffering capacity, i.e. a good chance to receive acid without a significant change in pH. pH is the acidity of the water, i.e. the acidity of the water. measure of the activity of hydrogen ions (H+). In order to reduce corrosion, alkalinity and hardness are increased, usually in the form of a so-called 'hardness'. the lime-carbonic acid method, which adds burnt lime (CaO) or extinguished lime (Ca(OH)2) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Small and medium-sized water utilities often allow water to flow through limestone (CaCO3) after adding carbon dioxide to make limestone more soluble.

Water must also be disinfected, which can be done either with chlorine chemical (chlorine, hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide), which have a long-term effect on the tap water supply network, or ozone or UV light. Both are effective disinfectants, but they have a shorter period of action. Often the methods are used together. Then the water is ready to be sent to the system. When we turn on the tap, we get good and high quality water to enjoy.

Facts about drinking water:

Half of all drinking water comes from surface water, such as lakes and rivers. At the surface water plant, the following treatment steps are carried out on raw water: screening, chemical precipitation, rapid filtration, biological cleaning with slow filtration, disinfection and alkalinity and pH adjustment.

Groundwater is often of better quality than surface water and therefore needs fewer treatment steps; bleeding/oxidation, autofiltration, pH adjustment and disinfection. Water utilities use the so-called 'water utilities'. artificial groundwater in which surface water is allowed to filter through a layer of gravel or equivalent.